This report underlines the importance of a coordinated and collaborative approach to emergency response in urban areas. The recommendations, addressed primarily to humanitarian actors, reflect lessons learned from the International Rescue Committee’s (IRC) initial emergency response programming on the island of Lesbos, Greece, between September 2015 and March 2016.

This is one of five publications where we outline steps for developing a medium-term plan for Bangladesh, to benefit refugees and their host community alike. The other four cover forest and landscape restoration, trade, private sector investment, and labor mobility.

The IRC finds conflict-affected and fragile countries face not only the direct health impacts of COVID-19 but also secondary havoc to already fragile humanitarian, economic, security and political environments.

This report describes the impacts of the winter cash transfer program in Lebanon run by UNHCR and partners from November 2013 to April 2014.