Protection monitoring is the systematic and regular collection, verification, and analysis of information over an extended period of time, in order to identify violations of rights and protection risks for populations of concern, in order to enable prevention and inform effective responses. It means collecting primary and/or secondary data and analyzing it over time to identify trends in the needs expressed and risks faced by the populations of concern. Protection monitoring is an important tool for both interventions and advocacy. Collecting and sharing high-quality information on these issues is essential to making sure that we are able to continue to improve our ability to respond to these needs through programming, referrals, and advocacy activities. The Protection Monitoring Report is produced on a quarterly basis, representing the result of IRC Italy's endeavors to enhance its protection monitoring activities, aiming to systematically and regularly monitor the protection situation of people met and supported. The report captures the profiles, vulnerabilities, protection risks, and needs of people supported by IRC in Italy, together with significant migration-related context updates covering the whole country. In particular, it focuses and provides numbers and insights on people supported by IRC's digital information service, Refugee.Info and individuals arriving from the Balkan route via land in the city of Trieste, at the border between Italy and Slovenia.