When ISIS targeted the Yazidi minority in Sinjar, Iraq, Suleiman and his family escaped to the mountains, eventually finding shelter in a refugee camp in Syria.

Community Driven Development (CDD) is a bottom-up model of development that aims to put the people in the driver’s seat. This report presents findings from an evaluation of the Tuungane 2 program, a major CDD program in Eastern Congo, funded by the UK government and implemented by the International Rescue Committee (IRC) between 2011 and 2014. The Tuungane 2 (T2) program was carried out in 1,025 Village Development Committee areas (VDCs) in the provinces of South Kivu, North Kivu, Maniema and Katanga, representing an estimated beneficiary population of around 1.7 million individuals. This study investigates to what extent Tuungane 2 activities are associated with improvements across five families of outcomes: 1) constructive engagement between service users and duty bearers; 2) improvements in service provisions in the health and education sector, 3) improvements in health and education; 4) improvements in governance related outcomes such as participation, accountability, efficiency, transparency and capture; and lastly 5) improvements in women’s empowerment.